Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) Refining & the Visbreaking Solution
Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) is a major yet often underutilized stream in refinery operations. Visbreaking, short for “viscosity breaking,” is a targeted thermal process that subjects heavy residual oils to controlled high-temperature cracking to effectively reduce their viscosity.
During this process, HFO feedstock is heated in a specialized furnace to induce thermal decomposition. This breaks long-chain hydrocarbon molecules into shorter, higher-value fractions, producing lighter outputs such as naphtha, gas oil, diesel, and an upgraded residual product.
Our advanced HFO Visbreaking Units provide a modern technological pathway to convert these heavy residues into premium, market-ready products. This solution enhances overall refinery balance, increases distillate yields, and improves profitability. Engineered for high reliability and efficiency, our systems help you achieve superior operational and economic results.
Upgrade heavy crude residues into higher-value lighter products, including diesel, naphtha, and gas oil.
Manufacture compliant bunker fuels with precisely optimized viscosity for modern marine engines.
Supply modified, lower-viscosity fuels tailored for industrial boilers and power generation systems.
Provide essential upgraded feedstocks for subsequent cracking, refining, and specialized petrochemical operations
Our HFO Visbreaking Units integrate advanced heat transfer technology and an energy-efficient architecture, significantly reducing fuel usage while boosting throughput. This design minimizes dependence on costly upgrading methods, generating substantial operational savings and directly improving your bottom line.
Engineered with a core focus on environmental sustainability, our HFO Visbreaking Units incorporate advanced low-emission systems to comply with strict international standards. This approach significantly reduces your refinery’s carbon footprint and minimizes overall emissions.
**Coil Visbreaking (Furnace Visbreaking)**
This method thermally cracks heavy hydrocarbons within a high-temperature furnace. It operates under short residence times at elevated temperatures, effectively breaking long-chain hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, higher-value fractions.
**Soaker Visbreaking (Drum Visbreaking)**
This approach utilizes lower temperatures and significantly longer residence times compared to the coil method. The feedstock is held at a controlled temperature in a soaker drum, allowing time for thermal cracking to occur through a “soaking” mechanism.
Preheating: The heavy residual feedstock is initially heated in a heat exchanger via thermal exchange with hot output streams from the unit.
Furnace Cracking: The preheated feed is directed through a furnace coil, where it undergoes rapid heating to a high temperature range (approximately 450-500°C / 842-932°F) for a brief, controlled duration.
Viscosity Reduction: This intense heat initiates thermal cracking of the heavy hydrocarbon molecules, effectively lowering the oil’s viscosity.
Reaction Arrest: The thermally cracked stream is immediately quenched by injection with a cooler fluid to terminate the cracking reactions and prevent over-cracking.
Fractionation: The quenched effluent is subsequently routed to a fractionation column, where lighter components (such as naphtha and gas oil) are separated from the upgraded, heavier residue.
Preheating: The heavy residual feedstock is initially raised in temperature through a series of heat exchangers.
Mild Heating: The preheated feed is subsequently heated in a furnace to a moderate temperature (typically 420-450°C / 788-842°F), which is lower than that used in the Coil Visbreaking process.
Cracking & Retention: The heated feedstock is then transferred into a soaker drum, where it is held at a controlled temperature for an extended residence period (typically 20-60 minutes) to facilitate thermal cracking.
Viscosity Reduction: Throughout this soaking phase, thermal cracking reactions take place, effectively reducing the viscosity of the oil.
Fractionation: Following the soaking stage, the cracked products are directed to a fractionator for separation into lighter fractions and a heavier, upgraded residue.
Each refinery presents distinct operational parameters and objectives. This is precisely why we provide fully customized solutions, meticulously engineered to optimize your specific refining processes. Whether your focus is on HFO upgrading for the marine sector, fuel optimization for power generation, or overall refinery performance enhancement, we deliver the ideal system configuration for your requirements.
Begin the dialogue today. Our specialists are prepared to assist you in maximizing your refinery’s capabilities through our advanced HFO Visbreaking technology. Reach out now for a tailored consultation and a detailed proposal.
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